9 types of contraception you can use to prevent pregnancy

A major risk of being sexually active is getting pregnant. Bringing a child into the world when you're not ready can be overwhelming, however, there are several ways to prevent this.

To help you make a well-informed decision, here are 9 different types of contraceptives you can try;

Condoms

Condoms are easily the best cost-effective protection against STIs. There are two types of condoms;

1. Male condoms are placed onto an erect penis (most people use this option)
2. Female condoms are fitted into the vagina before sex. A lot of people do not use this option because it takes a while to get familiar with it.

Condoms are convenient and hormone-free, however, they can roll off or tear during sex so you need to be careful.

Emergency Contraception Pill

Also called the morning after pill, this option contains hormones that delay ovulation and prevent pregnancy. It is only effective for up to 72 hours after unprotected sex, however, it is more effective when taken earlier.

Contraceptive Pill

Contraceptive pills are taken once daily and are one of the most preferred options so far. There are two types of pills you can choose from;

1. The combined pills with estrogen and Progestin
2. The mini pill with only progestinBoth pills work effectively if taken at the right time, however, they can only be prescribed by a doctor.

Contraceptive Implant

As the name implies, this form of contraception entails placing a small rod underneath the skin in the upper arm. This implant releases the hormone progesterone, which prevents ovulation and thickens the cervical mucus. Hence, preventing the entry of sperm into the womb.

Intrauterine Device (IUD)

An IUD is a small, T-shaped device placed in the uterus that can be effective for as long as a decade. There are two options of IUDs;

1. IUDs with copper (99% effective)
2. IUDs with progesterone (99.8% effective)

Although both options are effective, you need a trained doctor to fit them properly. Also, they don't protect you from STIs and can have serious side effects.

Diaphragm

This small, silicone dome is fitted in the vagina to prevent sperm from entering the uterus. A diaphragm needs to sit for at least 6 hours after sex before it is removed for it to be effective.

Contraceptive Injections

This injection delivers the synthetic version of progesterone into your bloodstream. You will need to take this injection over 12 weeks for it to be effective (up to three months). This option is equally effective, however, it can cause irregular periods and other side effects.

Contraceptive Ring

This ring releases oestrogen and progestogen like the morning after pill but in low doses. It is placed in the vagina for three weeks, removed for one week, and another is fitted in. You can do this in the comfort of your home and it is easily reversible. However, you need to take note of the duration.

Sterilization

Sterilization is a permanent solution that entails surgery to remove the necessary parts needed for reproduction. Both men and women can get sterilized with general anesthesia.

All of these options are effective for preventing pregnancy, however, only condoms can prevent STIs. It is important to speak with your doctor about the best contraception for you before making a choice.